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F. mumss AND a; P. GREENLEAF.

LOADING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 9. IQII. 1

1,322,476. Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

F. BILLINGS AND R. P. GREENLEAF.

LOADING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 9. NH.

1,322,476. Patented Nbv. 18,1919.

4 HEETSSHEET 2.

.M mfW Z mfl n' F. BILU NGS AND H. P. GRiENLEAI'.

LOADING MACHINE.

APPUCATION FELED JULY 9. 1911.

1,322,476. Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- l ,za

f'y zjwf i F. BILLINGS AND R. P. GHEENLEAR' LOADING moi-1m. v APPUCATION FILED JULY 9. 1917.

1,322,476. Patented Now 18,1919.

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UNITED STATES PATENT onnion.

FRANK BILLINGS AND ROBERT Y. GBEEN'LELF, OF OLEVELA I VD, OHIO; SAID GBEENLEAF ASSIGNOR '10 SAID BILLING-B:

LOADINQMAOHINE.

Specification otjliettera Patent. Patgnted Nov. 1 8, 1 91 9. Application filed m a, 1917. Serial no. irasob.

To, all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK Bmmnos and Ronnn'r P. Gnnmmmr, citizens, of the United States, and residents, respectively, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, and Cleveland, in the county of end of its forward strokeand Fig. 6 is a side view of a portion of the machine showingla slight modification.

eferrmg now to the drawings, 10 represents a wheeled frame or truck ada ted to run alon a track indicated at 11. n this Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented truck 10 ls mounted a platform or turntable a certain new and useful Improvement Ii 12 which can be turned horizontally through Loading-Machines, of which the, following a predetermined are about a vertical axis,

being thrust forwardly into the material and is then elevated and swun rearwardly so that the contents may be limped intocars or ot 1er receiving means at the rear of the machine, and it is one of the particular objects to accomplish this by machine wherein the shovel or '"conveyi element is filled by. direct forward thrust, and when swung rearwardly over the machine to discharge material at the rear thereof, it will not at any point of its 0 cle of movement extend above the mine oor of sufficient distance to strike the overhead jwalls or timberthe truck in this case having curved tracks 'whicli /areengaged by a front roller 13 and rear rollers 14:.

On this tumtable 12 is supported the mechanism for handling material, that is, for shovel it upywithin a 'ven angle in front ofan to both sides 0 the machine and conveying it rearwardly over the machine and a ly discharging it into suitable cars, a portion of one of which is indicated at 15 in Fig. 1. This mechanism in this case includes a single motor, a telescopic ram adapted to be reciprocated or slid forwardlv and rearwardly, a material moving element preferably a shovel, and telescopic arms conand is then retracted and'when brought up,

to a point near the front endof the machine is swung u wardly and rearwardly so that the materia will be discharged into the car fat the rear and then will be again swung hese results "are accomplished by the forwardly and downwardly to its initial popresent invention which may be briefly summarized as consistin in certain novel details of construction an combinations and arrangements of parts which will be described in t e specification and set forth in the accompanying claims.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings, Figure 1 is a side e evation of the im roved machine with the shovel shown by fu 1 lines at the be 'nning of its forward stroke, and by dott lines at the end of its rearward stroke; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same; Fi 3 is a transverse sectional view substantia ly along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the upper part of the machine substantially along the line 4-4 of Fig. '1; Fig. 5 is a side elevation similar to Fig.1 on a reduced scale but with the ram extended, and with the bucket at the sition.

In the embodiment of our invention here shown, we employ -for the purpose above stated, a horizontal motor of the reel rocating. fluid pressure type, air being pre erably employed as the motive fluid, this motor includin a cylinder 16 with a pis n or plunger in icated at 17, (see part'hziilarly Fig. 2). At its forward end the pi nger is connected to one member 18 of the ram, which as here shown is U-shaped and includes a front cross piece or cross head 19 and two side members 20, 20, which extend rearwardly alongside them 1: cylinder 16. This ram member recip tee in suitable supporting and guiding, embers comprising forward and rear rollers 21 which engage the top and bottom sides of the rearwardly' extending rammembers 20. The

ram includes in addition to' the inner ram member 18, an outer ram member consisting of two straight bars 22, which are parallel to and are on the outside of the members 20 5 of ram member 18. The bars composing the outer ram member are supported and guided for reciprocating movement by rollers 23 which engage the to) and bottom sides of the bars 22, these rol ers being journaled on castings 24 which are secured to the side bars 20 of the inner ram member. It might be here mentioned that the inner and outer ram members are preferabbv' formed from' structural material such as channels, as indicated by the cross-sectional view of Fig. 3.

The outer ram member is shifted by the motor 16 at twice the speed of the inner ram member by rack and pinion gearing consisting of pinions carried by the side bars of 20 the inner ram member, each of these pinions engaging a fixed rack 26' carried by the cylinder of the motor, and a movable rack 27 carried by one of the side bars of the outer ram member.

While we have shown a telescopic ram, 2.

straight single member ram may be em-,

ployed.

The ram actuate-s a shovel or bucket 28, here shown as substantially triangular 50 shaped in cross-section and provided with an open front and preferably with a di gmg )OltlOn 29 at its lower front end, as own in Fig. 1. This shovel is connected to the bars 22 of the outerram member by two arms, each composed of telescoping parts 30 and 31, the former being connected to the sides of the shovel, and the latter being journaled on studs 32 of castings 33, secured to the bars 22 of the outer ram member. The two parts 30 and 31 of each arm have a sliding connection with each other, the part31 having a slot 31' and the part 30 having a block which engages in this slot.

After the shovel has been thrust forward and thus filled with material by the outward movement of the ram, it is moved back over the same path to the position shown by the full lines in Fig. 1, and then While the planger of the motor and the ram are still moving rearwardly, the shovel is swung u and back over the machine to e dot line osition. This is accomplis ed in this case iy means of racks 31 which are supported on opposite sides of the platform or turntable 12, and by gear segments 35 at the rear ends of the portions 31 of the arms whi support the shove],- the segments being anranged concentricall; with res act to the pivot studs or trunnions 32 o the arms. c These racks are arranged in the planes of the shovel arms and of the gear segments and are so located with respect to the latter thatwhen the shovel is retracted to substantially the full line position of Fig. l the segments 65 encounter the racks so that throughout the 'ren'mining rearward movement of ti ,ram the segments roll on these racks, swiging the arms and the shovel about the pivot ii eds 351, and when the shovel reaches the d tto-d line position of Fig. 1, the material is thlou n :7 0 into the car 15 or other element provided to receive the material. Then as the movement of the plunger of the motor is reversed, the 3: gear segments roll forwardly over the racks t carrying the shovel and the suppoting arms 5 ,{5 forwardly and downwardly until the arms encounter thestops'or bumpers 36 carried l by brackets 3.7, which are secured to casting; i; 38 carried by the ,hvo 'members 22 eonstitue ,l ing the outer rain section. The arms rest on io these stops or bumpers 86 while the shovel! is being moved forwardly and rearwardly during the fillin and retracting portions of the strokes of tie ram and they resist the downward component of the ram thrust.

Tim 36 can be adjusted in heightby adjusting the positions of the brackets 37 so as to vary the normal position of the shovel andthe inclination of the shovel arms during the, forward and rearward movements 90 thereof, and the position of the shovel at the outer end of the armsican be adjusted so that the bottom or digging portion of the shovel will alwa s make the desired angle with respect to t e material to be scooped up. To permit this last mentioned adjustment, the shovel has a swivel connection shown at 28" with the forward arm members 30, and can be locked in any desired position by'liolts 28 engaging in are shaped'slots 28" at the outer ends of the arm members 30.

As the shovel is being swung over the machinejt is desirable that it have as small a radius of movement as possible, and to that end the shovel arms are made -telescopic. Additionally we provide means whereby the arms are automatically shortened as they swing over the machine and this is accomplished by )roviding at the inner or rear ends of the orward arm members 30. rollers which engage cam surfaces 40 on the castings 38, which as before stated. more with the outer rammembcrs and carry the brackets 37 upon which the arms normalhrest and also the pivot studs 32 about which the arms turn. These cam surfaces are so shaped that as the shovel is swinging upwardly or downwardly net the forward end of the ram the effective length of the arms between the pivot studs 32 and the forward connoct- 1| points 28" will be such that the shovel will clear the ram, and to this end the for ward portions of the cam surfaces consist substantially of arcs of a circle of predetermined radius. and then the cam surfaces taper dmvmvardl). Then the rollers '35) which roll over those ram surfaces reach the downwardly inclined portions of the latter the weight of the shovel anll the load ('ai'ri d thereby cause the arms to'shortcn by gravit h, 13o

and after the material is discharged and the shovel is returned forwardly and downwardly the arms automatically lengthen to a predetermined length sutlicient to prevent the shovel striking the forward end of the fall] I With this machine, as the motor plunger moves outwardl the ram is extended and the shovel is given its filling stroke, the arms then being held rigidly at a iven angle with respect to the ram and eing downwardly inclined as shown in Fig. 1, with the arms resting on the bumpers or stops 36'. The length of this filling stroke can be anything desired, the length and speed of the stroke being controlled by valve mechanism not here shown. After the shovel is filled the motor is reversed, whereupon the ram is retracted and the shovel is drawn rearwardlyover the same path that it traversed during the forward filling stroke, and when the gear segments 35 which move forwardly and rearwardly with the ram engage the racks til, the shovel arms and shovel are caused to be rotated back over the machine until the plunger of the motor reaches the end of its rearward stroke, whereupon the material is thrown from the shovel into the car, the shovel arms automatically shortening during this rearward swinging movement. Then when the motor is again reversed, the shovel and shovel arms are swung forwardly and downwardly, and when the shovel and arms reach the position shown by the full lines in Fig. l, which occurs just as the 'gear segments 35 leave the racks 3i, the next filling stroke is started and continues until the motor is reversed or reaches the end of its forward stroke. This operation can be repeated rapidly with the result that the material can be quickly loadt ed from in front and within a certain range to either side of the machine and discharged at the rear of the machine. As the material is cleaned up from in front of the machine the latter will be moved forwardly and the upper part of the machine can be turned when desired about the vertical axis of movement of the turntable.

The rolling action of the gear segments over the racks is an important feature of the construction because the pivot points of the swinging shovel supporting arms travel rearwardly as the shovel is being brought over the machine and this admits of a given rearward movement with less length of the shovel supporting arms than would be required if the shovel were swung rearwardly about a fixed center or axis.

When the machine is being used in the manner above explained, it will be held against forward tilting or tipping movement, particularly when the ram is extended. This canbe done in any of the well known ways such as by track clamps. ()r if the ma chine is not used on a track, the rear end can be braced against the overhead mine timboring.

It will be observed that when the shovel loaded with material is swung to (lumping position, the shovel supporting arms are actuated so as to lift the load as well as move it rearwardly, the lifting effect being dependent on the radius of the gear segments. The lifting and rearward moving actions can be varied to suit the exigencies of any particular case by varying the relation of' the length of the shovel supporting arms and the radius of the gear segments.

In Fig. 6 we have shown a modification in the form of the gear segments and racks which are employed to give the shovel supporting arms the rolling action as they are swung over the machine. As here shown, the gear segments 35 are spiral shaped. the teeth which first engage the racks being a considerably greater distance from the center of rotation than the teeth which last cngage the racks. the pitch line of the teeth being inthe form of a spiral which gradually approachesthe center of rotation. In order that the center of rotation may have a. movement of translation in a straight horizontal direction while the rolling action is taking place with the spiral segments 35, the racks, here designated 34', are inclined upwardly from a point near their forward ends to their rear ends. 'lhcse racks are, of course. secured to the turntable as in the first instance, and when the shovel is retracted the segments will engage the racks and roll over the same causing the shovel and arms to swing over the machine in the manner first described. However. with the present form of gearing the shovel filled with material can be more readily lifted or elevated at the start of the upward rearward swinging movement because the spiral gear segments give a greater leverage than the ordinary gear segments of the first described construction. and this levcl'agc gradually decreases as the spiral segments roll over the racks and as the shovel gradually approaches the overhead position.

While we have shown the preferred construction we do not wish to be confined to the precise details shown, but aim in our claims to cover all modifications which do not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of our invention.

1 aving described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In a loading machine, a frame or truck, a material moving element, and means for giving the said element a forward and rcarthe. other, and a pivoted arm connected to said niaterial moving element and to said relatively movable actuating member.

2. In a. loading machine, a supporting truck, a conveying and loading element, means for giving said element a power actuated thrust forwardly beyond the forward end of the machine to fill the same, and for retracting said element, comprising a forwardly and rearwardly movable reciprocating ram, a motor for actuating the ram, pivted arms connecting said conveying and loading eiement to the ram, and means whereby after a predetermined rearward movement of the ram, said arms are caused to be swung upwardly and rearwardly to carry said element to dumping position.

3. In a loading machine, a truck, a reci J roeating telescopic ram mounted on tie truck. guiding and supporting means therefor. a conveying clement, swinging arms connecting said element to the ram, and na-chanism for causing the ram to be thrust forwardly then retracted and when retracted to a certain point for swinging said :ll'ms so as to carry said element upwardly and rearwardly over the machine.

4. In a loading machine, a truck, a reciprocating ram guided for forward and rearward reciprocating movement. a material movin element. a swinging arm connected to 58h element and to the ram, and means fw' actuating the ram and arm so that said element will be thrust forwardly and then retracted and swung upwardly, and rearwardly own the machine, said arm being composed of telescopic parts which slide relative to each other when swinging over the machine.

.3. In a loading machine, a truck, a ram mounted for forward and rearward recipro eating movement. a shovel, swinging arms connected with the shovel and to the rain and each composed of relatively movable parts, motive means for reciprocating the ram so as to move the shovel forwardly and rearwardly and for swinging said arms to swing the shovel rearwardly or forwardly over the machine. and separate means for causing the shovel arms to automatically ll()ltel1 and lengthen while the arms are being swung.

In a loading machine, a truck, a shovel. power operated means for giving said shovel a forward thrust beyond the forward end of the machine that it may he filled with matcrial and also for retracting the shovel, comprising a ram mounted for forward and rearward, reciprocating movcnn-m. a motor for actuating the ram, swinging arms connecting th hovel to the rain. and means for causing; the arms to have a turning and rolling movement clnnprising racks carried lay the truck and gears at the Pea-r ends of the arms and adapted to engage the racks.

7. In a loading machine, a truck, a shovel, means for operating the shovel so as to give the same forward and rearward rec1procatsaid relatively movable actuating member, and gearing for causing the movement of said second actuating member to rotate the arms.

8. In a loading machine, a truck, a ram composed of two telescopic parts, motive means for actuating one of said arts of the ram, and menu; whereby the ot er part of the ram is caused to move forwardly or rearwardly at a greater speed than the part to which motive means is connected, a. shovel. swinging arms connected to the shovel and pivotally supported on the more rapidly moving part of the ram, said arms adapted to be swung upwardly and rearward] y when the. ram is retracted and down" wardly and forwardly when the ram is moved forwardly, the arms being composed of telescopic parts and means carried partly by the more rapidly moving member of the ram and partly by the arms for causing the iii-ins to lengthen and shorten during the swinging movements of the arms.

9. In a loadingmachine, a. frame, ashovel adapted to be filled with material at the front of the machine and to be swung over the latter to dumping position, a shovel Le-- tuating ram composed of telescopic parts including a part movable relative to the frame and a second part movable relative to the first. and swinging means connecting the shovel to said second part of the ram. 10. In a loading machine, a frame, a shovel adapted to be filled with material at the front of the machine and to be swung over the 'machine to dumping position, a shovel actuating telescopic ram including a motor actuated part movable relative to the frame, and a second part movable relative to the first part and a rated thereby, and swinging means con ecting the shovel to said second part of t e ram.

*ll. In a loading. machine, a frame, a shovel adapted to be filled with material at "the front of the machine and to be swung over the machine to dam-ping position, a shovel actuating telescopic ram including a motor actuated part movable rla i' e to the frame, and a second part movable relative to the. first part and actuated thereby, and wringing means connecting the shovel to said second part of the ram. and. means for impart ing a turning movement to the shovel and said swinging means.

12. in a. nfarhine of the character described, a, frame, a shovel adapted to be filled-with material at the front of the machine and to be swung upwardly and rearwardly over the latter to dumping position, a forwardly and rearwardly movable shovel actuating part, swinging means connecting the shovel to said part, said swinging means being composed of relatively movable parts by which the effective length of said swinging means may be varied as the shovel is being swung over the machine.

13.1n a loading machine, a frame, a shovel adapted to be filled with material at the front of the machine and to be swung upwardly and rearwardly over the latter 4 to dumping position, a for ardly and rearwardly movable shovel actuating part, swinging means connect n sald shovel to said part and composed o telescopic arms and means whereby said arms are moved relatively during the swinging movements thereof.

14. In a loading machine, a frame, a shovel adapted to be filled with material at the front of the mac-hire and to be swung upwardly and rearwardly over the latter to (lumping position, a forwardly and rearwardly movable shovel actuating part, swinging means connecting said shovel to said part and composed of telescopic arms and means whereby said arms are moved relatively during the swinging movements thereof, said means comprising a cam earricd by said forwardly and rearwardly movable part, and a roller carried by one of the arms and engaging the (ram.

In testimony whereof, We hereunto afiix our signatures.

FRANK BILLINGS. ROBERT P. GRLPJNLEAF. 

